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Biraja Sankar Guha ((ベンガル語:বিরজাশঙ্কর গুহ)) (15 August 1894 – 20 October 1961) was an Indian physical anthropologist, who classified Indian people into races around the early part of the 20th century. He was the first Director of the Anthropological Survey of India (ASI) (1945–1954). ==Career== B. S. Guha did his graduation in philosophy from the Scottish Church College and earned his post-graduate degree (also in philosophy) from the University of Calcutta. He worked as a research scholar in anthropology in the Government of Bengal in 1917. In 1920, he received the A.M. degree in anthropology from Harvard University, with distinction, and became the Hemenway Fellow of the University. During 1922–1924 he worked as a research scholar at the Harvard Museum of Natural History (Boston), American Museum of Natural History (New York), and the Bureau of Ethnicity of the Smithsonian Institution in Washington D.C.. In 1924, he was awarded a Ph.D. degree in anthropology from Harvard University, for his thesis on "The Racial basis of the Caste System in India" (which he defended before Roland Dixon and Earnest Hooton).〔Anthropology at Harvard By David L. Browman, Stephen Williams〕 In the process he became one of the earliest recipients of the doctorate in that discipline in the world and certainly, the first Indian citizen to do so. In 1927, he joined the anthropological section of the Zoological Survey of India.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Appendix K: The Anthropological Survey of India (The Andamanese by George Weber) )〕 In 1934, Guha became a Fellow of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, and member of the Permanent Council of the International Congress of Anthropology. In 1936, he founded the Indian Anthropological Institute in Calcutta (now Kolkata). In 1938, he became the President of the Anthropology Section of the British Association for the Advancement of Science. In 1944, he submitted a new proposal for a separate Anthropological Survey of India.〔 His proposal was supported by Nelson Annandale (the first director of the newly founded Zoological Survey of India) and Robert Beresford Seymour Sewell (1880–1964), Annandale's successor. In September 1945, zoology was moved under the Department of Agriculture, and a separate Anthropological Survey of India was set up under the Department of Education. The Survey came into being on December 1, 1945 with Guha in charge, first as "Officer on Special Duty" and later as Director (from August 1946 to 1954). In 1955, Guha became the Director of Social Education Training Centre in Ranchi. During 1956–1959, he served as the Director of Bihar Tribal Research Institute, Ranchi. Guha died in a railway accident at Ghatshila, Bihar. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Biraja Sankar Guha」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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